Press



(N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. J. BORCHARD.

PRESS.

No. 286,582. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. J. BORGHARD.

PRESS.

Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

N. PETERS flwlo-Lirkogrnwcr, Washingtm ILC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT J. BORGHARD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,582, dated October16, 1883.

Application filed June 12,1883. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known thatl, ALBERT J. BORGHARD, formerly of Stettin, Province ofPomerania, Germany, now of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented certain Improvements in Presses, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to. machinery for pressing or squeezing varioussubstances for the purpose of extracting their moisture, juice, or oil,as the case may be; and the invention consists, primarily, in. a wheelor cylinder set-eccentrically within an encircling ring or outercylinder, said parts being arranged to rotate at a velocity ratioinversely as the ratio of the radius of the encircling ring is to thisradius minus the eccentricity, and to press the material between them,the outer cylinder being preferably perforated to permit the escape ofthe liquid matter-pressed out.

The invention further consists in a novel means for. feeding thematerial into the machine and discharging it therefrom, for regulatingthe relative positions of the two cylinders, for imparting motion to therespective parts, and in various features and details of constructionhereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of myimproved machine; Fig. 2, an' end elevation with the feed-hopper insection; Fig. 3, a side or end elevation, partly in section, of the twocy1in-- 'dcrs, showing the manner in which the outer one is rotated;Fig. at, a face or edge view of the outer cylinder, partly broken awayto show the inner cylinder and the discharging-blade;

. Fig. 5, a plan view of the cutting-blade.

The purpose of my invention is to produce a press which shall be capableof exerting great pressnrewhich shall require but a small amount ofpower to operate it, and which shall operate automatically and rapidly.With these objects in view I construct the press in the followingmanner, referring again to the drawmgs:

First, I provide a strong basc-frame, A, up-

on which are supported and to which are bolted metal side frames, B,which are also rigidly connected with each other by cross rods or tiesG, giving the frame great strength, stiffness, and rigidity, and to theside frames, B,

are bolted'brackets D, which serve to support gearing for operating themachine, as presently explained. 7

Near the top of each side frame a circular opening or hearing is formedto receive one end of a cross-shaft or axle, a, said openings orbearings being furnished with bushings h, asshown in Fig. 1, upon whichaxle is keyed a wheel or cylinder, E, having a smooth face or periphery,and outside of and encircling this wheel or cylinder is placed anannular cylinder or ring, F, of corresponding width, and having aninternal diameter somewhat greater than the external diameter of wheelE.

The c linder F is formed with an external circumferentialtoothed ring atits middle, and with a plain or smooth rim or bearing-face at each sideof said toothed ring, the smooth rims or faces resting directly uponsupportingwheels G and H, and the toothed ring meshing with andreceiving motion from a pinion, p, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The rollers G are keyed upon steel axles, which turn in anti-friction orroller bearings I, or they may be common bearings, as more plainlyillustrated in Fig. 1, whereby they are caused to rotate with great easeand to offer little or no resistance to the travel of the ring orcylinder F. These bearings are supported by guide-rods d, which havetheir ends seated in sockets in strong ribs of the frames. B, andretained therein by keys or cotters e, whereby the use of wrought-ironor steel rods is permitted and great tensile strength secured, thebearing I being formed with ears to slide upon the rods, and adjusted bymeans of screws J, passing through cross-heads on the'rods, as shown inFig. 1. By raising or lowering the bearings I the relative positions 0'of the two cylinders may be accurately regulated, and the degree ofeccentricity, and consequently the variation in width of the channel orspace between them, can be controlled, thus in turn controlling thedegree of pressure exerted upon the material under treatment. Theexternal cylinder or ring, F, is perforated or formed with a largenumber of openings for the discharge of the liquid matter pressed'out ofthe substance under treatment, and. in practice there is placed oversaid perforations a layer of heavy sheet metal with coarse perforations,and sometimes a second layer of cloth, canvas, wire-gauze,finelyperforated'sheet metal, or other suitable material.

As mentioned, the wheel E and cylinder F are set eccentrically onewithin the other, as

' erally from the squeezingspace.

plainly shown in Fig. 3, thereby furnishing a graduallydiminishingannular channel or space between the external face of one and theinternal face of the other. In practice I prefer to make the point ofnearest approach of the two cylinders at the lower .side andon a linepassing through the central axis at an angle of about forty-five degreesfrom perpendicular, more or less, the material be ing fed into theannular space at a point diametrically opposite that of the nearestapproach of the cylinders, or approximately so. At said feeding-point Iprovide a feedhopper, N, opening into a mouth or receiving end, K, of acylinder, M, within which rotates a spiral conveyer, L, by which the material placed in the hopper N is forced intothe squeezing-space, thesides of the channel or space being closed by the side castings, B, sothat there can be no escape of material lat- A thrustbearing is appliedto the end cap of the portion K of the cylinder M, to receive thepressure on the conveyor-shaft. The material being thus entered into thesqueezing-channel,

and both cylinders being arranged to move downward, it will be seen thatthe material will be gradually brought into a narrower or morecontracted portion of the channel; or, in other words, that the channelitself will gradually decrease and the material be squeezed as it iscarried around toward the lower side or point of nearest approach of thetwo cylinders. In this way a gradual and very great pressure is broughtto bear upon the material,

and every particle of moisture squeezed therefrom, the liquid pressedout passing from the perforations of the outer cylinder or ring throughthe interposed straining material with which said cylinder is provided.

In order to discharge the material from the machine after being pressedor squeezed, I provide a cutting blade, 0, running straight across andbolted on both ends to the frame, and being adjustable by means of slotsfor the bolts. The cutting-blade is knifeshaped, the purpose of which isto cut the adhering material from the outer cylinder. As the materialnow lays on the surface of the inner cylinder, I provide adischarging-blade, P, similar to a wing of a spiral conyeyer, and boltedto the frame at the lower end, and at the upper end bolted to astandard, Q, likewise bolted to the frame, the blade being made adjust.able by means of slotted holes for the reception of the bolts. At thelower end of the discharging-blade, and at the opposite side of themachine, is arranged a hopper, into and through which the material isdischarged.

The machine receives motion from a driving-shaft, 13, provided with fastand loose pulleys h, through a pinion, k, which meshes with agear-wheel, L, secured to a shaft, M, carrying at its opposite endpinion n which in turn meshes with gear-wheel 0 of a shaft, f.

The shaft f also carries. two pinions, p and q,

of different diameters, meshing with the annular wheel, and one largespur-wheel, r, on shaft a, respectively, thus imparting motion directlyto the annular wheel F and indirectly to the internal Wheel, E, by meansof the large spur-wheel on shaft a. This gear combination is soproportioned that the angular velocity ratio of internal cylinder, E,and external cylinder, F, is inversely as the ratio of the inner radiusof external cylinder and this radius minus eccentricity. The shaft 13carries I a chain or sprocket wheel, from which passes a chain to andabout a sprocket chain-wheel, w, secured upon the shaft t of theconveyer L, which shaft extends through the annular space between thetwo cylinders, as indicated more plainly in Fig. 2.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. Theherein-described pressing or squeezing apparatus, consisting of acylinder, E, cen tral axle, a, therefor, gear-wheel r, secured upon saidaxle, annular cylinder F, encircling cylinder E, provided with anexternal gear- IOC 4. In combination with internal cylinder, E,

and external cylinder, F, the feed-tube M, conveyer L, arranged todeliver the material into the space between said cylinders,substantially as shown.

5. In combination with cylinder E and axle a therefor, externalcylinder, F, supportingrolls G G H, and adjustable bearings for therolls G G, substantially asshown, whereby the position of the cylinder Frelative tothe cylinder E may be regulated.

6. In a pressing-n1achine substantially such as described and shown, thecombination of an internal cylinder, an external annular cylinder orpress-ring, the rollers arranged to support said ring, adjustablebearing carrying said rollers, and guide-rods d, for sustaining saidbearings, the rods being inserted in sockets in the frame of the machineand held by keys 6, substantiallytas shown.

7. In combination with internal cylinder, E,

external perforated cylinder F, set eccentrically to cylinder E, one ofsaid cylinders adapted to be rotated, substantially as set forth.

IIO

8. In combination with the internal cylinl fralneA B, cylinders E F,feed-hopper N, conder, E, ezdzernal cylinder, F, arrangedeccentricallyto the'eylinder E, one of said cylinders being perforated,substantially as and for the 5 purpose explained.

9. The hereindescribed pressing-machine, consisting of the frame A B 0,cylinders E F, gearing, substantially as shown, for imparting rotarymotion to said cylinders, hopper N,

IO conveyer L, and'adjustable rolls G G, all com bined and operatingsubstantially as shown.

10. In oolnbination'with the supportingveyer L, adjustable rollers G,gearing, subs'tantially such as shown, for imparting motion to thecylinders, and the chain or belt oo11- neoting the conveyor-shaft withthe gearing for the purpose of imparting motion to the conveyor.

ALBERT J. none 1min). WVitnesses: I

WILLIAM G. MINA D, J OHN F. GUBBINs.

